domingo 13 de abril de 2008

Comunicaciones en DeviceNet

DeviceNet Network Overview

The DeviceNet™ network is a flexible and open, low-cost option you can use to connect industrial devices to a network and to eliminate costly and time-consuming hardwiring. Direct connectivity improves communication and provides device-level diagnostics not available or easily accessible through hardwired I/O interfaces.

DeviceNet is an open standard, it saves you time and money at start-up—a key advantage for OEMs. Because it uses a trunk line/drop line topology, a single DeviceNet cable provides power and communication signal to all devices on the network. This significantly reduces the amount of wiring required and greatly simplifies installation. Adding and removing devices from the network is a simple process—a key advantage for end-users. You do not need to add or remove any wires. Simply connect or disconnect the device to or from the trunk line and configure the scan list. It really is that easy.

And there is no need to plan ahead for future expansion by laying extra cable or buying additional cabinet space. With DeviceNet, you can expand if and only when you want to.

Benefits

Interchangeability. Simple devices (e.g., push buttons, motor starters, photo cells, limit switches, etc.) from multiple vendors that comply with DeviceNet network and device profile standards are interchangeable, giving users flexibility and choices.
One common network. An open device network standard provides common end-user solutions, reducing the need for vendors to support a variety of the device networks on the market.
Reduce downtime. Diagnostics provide predictive failure warnings and troubleshooting.
Reduction in plant wiring (eliminates hardwiring of I/O).
Lower installation, start-up, and maintenance times. Superior device-level diagnostics.
Ability to bridge to higher level networks.
Device Plug and Play capabilities—add or remove nodes on the fly.
Monitor your systems remotely; program and configure during run-time.

Product Design

The DeviceNet network provides more than just a protocol specification. It provides interoperability through standardized:
Open- and sealed-type device connectors.
Diagnostic indicators (LEDs).
Device profiles.

In addition to reading the state of on/off sensors and operating motor starters, the DeviceNet network can report temperatures and the load current in the motor starter, change the deceleration rate of drives, adjust the sensitivity of sensors, and more. Devices also may be removed and replaced without shutting down other devices and without programming tools, which helps lower maintenance costs.

Networked device installation is more cost-effective than traditional I/O wiring in many applications, particularly when devices are spread over several hundred feet.
Communication

The DeviceNet network is based on proven, well-known CAN technology, which helps to ensure both end user and industry-wide understanding and acceptance.

An open device network standard helps to improve overall productivity by giving end users more choices and encouraging device innovations that can improve accuracy, provide diagnostics, and increase the amount of process data.

Messages from a node on either a ControlNet link or an Ethernet link can be routed through the ControlLogix to a node on a DeviceNet link.

Typical Applications

The DeviceNet network is ideal for applications requiring:
Wire reduction.
Quick installations and start-ups.
Flexibility to add or move devices and cable segments.
Fast response time.
Diagnostics from devices for critical uptime requirement.
Device configuration.







DeviceNet Typical Configuration





jueves 10 de abril de 2008

Comunicaciones en ControlNet



ControlNet Network Overview

ControlNet is an open, industrial, real-time control-layer network that provides high-speed transport of both time-critical I/O and interlocking data and messaging data, including upload/download of programming and configuration data on a single physical media link. The ControlNet network's highly efficient data transfer capability significantly enhances I/O performance and peer-to-peer communication in any system or application where it is used.

ControlNet is highly deterministic and repeatable, and remains unaffected as devices are connected or disconnected from the network. This ensures dependable, synchronized, and coordinated real-time performance. The ControlNet network is most often used in these types of configurations:
As the default network for the ControlLogix platform.
As a substitute/replacement for the Remote I/O (RIO) network, because ControlNet handles large numbers of I/O points well.
As a backbone to multiple distributed DeviceNet networks.
As a peer interlocking network.

Rockwell Automation offers a full array of ControlNet products, including controllers, I/O, operator interfaces, media, drives, motion control, and software. We have the products and know-how you need to set up a new ControlNet system, and the products and innovations you need to maintain and grow your existing applications. Flexible installation options for the ControlNet network include:
Fiber media for optical isolation from noise and distances up to 20 km.
Redundant Media Option helps ensure that a system can maintain operation during a cable fault condition.
Intrinsic Safety Option lets you install a ControlNet network in hazardous, explosive locations. Choose between either long-distance fiber or low-cost coax options to span between hazardous and non-hazardous areas.

Benefits

Implements programming, processor-to-processor, and I/O control on the same link without impacting time-critical I/O.
Media redundancy and intrinsically-safe options.
Provides the functions of the Data Highway Plus and Universal Remote I/O networks at a 5M-bit/s rate.
Offers high-speed data throughput, which improves I/O performance and controller-to-controller interlocking.
Supports a maximum of 99 nodes, with no minimum distance between them.
Lets you access the network from any node for PLC processor programming and troubleshooting.
Multicast of both inputs and peer-to-peer data for reduced programming.
Incorporates improved system diagnostics, which make it easier to configure and maintain.
Has finer granularity of I/O.
Gives you deterministic, repeatable transfers of data to/from digital and analog I/O.
Lets you select I/O and PLC processor interlocking update times that match your application requirements.
Eliminates block-transfer programming.
Is compatible with a range of current Allen-Bradley products, and will be compatible with more in the future.
Provides operation through high-noise environment with fiber-optic segments.
Messages from/to a node on one ControlNet link can be routed through the ControlLogix gateway to/from a node on either another ControlNet link, a DH+ link, or an EtherNet/IP link.

Product Design

The ControlNet network is simple and cost-effective to install, and offers you many flexible installation options, such as PLC processors with built-in ControlNet scanners, ControlNet bridges and adapters for I/O chassis, and ControlNet computer interfaces for personal computers. Although the ControlNet network is based on bus technology, you can use repeaters to implement ring, and star topologies. You can also install optional redundant media. The ControlNet processors include ports that let you share data between a ControlNet network and your already installed Data Highway Plus and Universal Remote I/O networks.

The ControlNet network transfers scheduled data at 5M bit/s, which improves both I/O performance and processor-to-processor communication. Its flexible control system architecture can work with multiple processors, and you can install up to 99 addressable nodes (via taps) anywhere along the trunk cable of a ControlNet link. There is no minimum tap separation, and you can access the ControlNet network from every node (including adapters).

Types of devices that communicate on the ControlNet link include: controllers, I/O, HMIs, PCs, drives, coordinated drive systems, weld control, motion control, vision systems, transducers, and valve manifolds.

In addition, a ControlNet network can be configured using a bus/trunkline, star, or ring topology.










Communication

The ControlNet network provides the functions of the Allen Bradley Data Highway Plus and Universal Remote I/O networks at a 5M-bit/s rate. Multiple processors can each control their own assigned outputs on a single common ControlNet link and monitor all inputs on the link. Any processor on the link can send a message to any other processor on the link.

Messages from a node on one ControlNet link can be routed through the ControlLogix gateway to a node on either another ControlNet link, a DeviceNet link, a DH+ link, or an EtherNet/IP link.





ControlNet I/O

Rockwell Automation's I/O family provides world-class I/O products for virtually every ControlNet application need. See the ControlNet Compatible Products for more information about our distributed modular and chassis-based I/O options.

Typical Applications

The ControlNet network is well-suited to applications that include high-speed digital I/O and/or remote analog I/O, such as:
Automotive transfer lines, paint shops, and assembly lines.
Water/wastewater.
Food processing.
Pharmaceutical.
Test stands.
Sectional conveyors.
Discrete-part machines.
Filter presses.
Baggage handling.
Most other high-speed applications that require highly synchronized control, high throughput and speed, high I/O count, distribution across large geographic distances, real-time performance.




lunes 7 de abril de 2008

SINEC L2 FDL & Applicom

Desarrollo de reforma en SIMATIC S5 y en Eprom de 32Kb sobre CP5431 para conseguir el enlace OPC usando una red SINEC L2 existente y una tarjeta Applicom.

Trataré de poner en órden los procedimientos mínimos necesarios para dotar de recursos a los PLC Simatic S5 115U con CPU945 instalados en una red existente. La misma red está compuesta por un total de 11 CPUs físicas que poséen en su rack principal por lo menos una CP5431FMS con soporte de memoria en EPROM convencional de 32Kb.

El protocolo que se debe usar es el llamado "Profibus S5 messaging" desarrollado por SIEMENS de Francia para Applicom.

El actual protocolo de la red existente llamado "Sinec L2 FDL" que opera por medio del servicio "S5-S5 link" de la CP5431 es el que establece la conectividad con los otros PLCs y antiguas PC y que usaban como interfece local 2 tarjetas CP5412A2 con un paquete de software SofNet de Siemens para WNT. Este protocolo es inviable cuando se utiliza la tarjeta Applicom PC1500PFB dado que las funciones de escritura sobre los equipos remotos no está soportada y esto es fundamental para nuestras 2 aplicaciones dado que establece una comunicación indirecta por batch con un máximo de 64 words por telegrama y entonces se hace necesario el paginado cuyo puntero obedece a variables como ser número de pantalla de un SCADA cliente.

Se propone entonces el uso del protocolo desarrollado por Siemens Francia para
Applicom el cual permite leer y escribir sobre los operandos del Simatic S5 en forma
cíclica o periódica indistintamente, tal cual trabaja cualquier OPC moderno conocido
v2.0 ó v3.0 (similar RSlinx o KepServerEx4.00).

Se deberán realizar los siguientes pasos a grandes rasgos para conseguir esta
conectividad:


A) Configuración de la consola Applicom para protocolo S5m en cada uno de los nodos de la red teniendo en cuenta nº de SAPs locales y remotos.

B) Implementación de la nueva capa en la red Sinec llamada "L2 free layer"
utilizando el software NCM COM5431FMS instalado en un PG y un borrador UV de
EPROM.

C) Adecuación del programa en STEP5 de cada CPU total 3 bloques y descarga de 2
bloques funcionales, 2 bloques de datos y un bloque organizacional. Total de bloques
de programa afectados: 8


Los detalles comprendidos dentro de estos 3 grupos corresponden al know how y expertice del programador en AWL y Profibus, detalles que no expresaré dentro de este procedimiento ya que entiendo que quien deba realizar esta tarea en el programa de los PLC debe ser un conocedor de Simatic S5 ya que los Bloques son variables de acuerdo con lo establecido en cada CPU como existente y pueden necesitar modificaciones online en el momento de la implementación.

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